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关键词： Fetal brain   Magnetic resonance spectroscopy   Metabolites   Normative   CRLB   Metabolite trajectory  

摘要： Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-1-MRS) of the fetal brain can be used to study emerging metabolite profiles in the developing brain. Identifying early deviations in brain metabolic profiles in high-risk fetuses may offer important adjunct clinical information to improve surveillance and management during pregnancy. Objective: To investigate the normative trajectory of the fetal brain metabolites during the second half of gestation, and to determine the impact of using different Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds (CRLB) threshold on metabolite measurements using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Study design: We prospectively enrolled 219 pregnant women with normal fetal ultrasound and biometric measures. We performed a total of 331 fetal H-1-MRS studies with gestational age in the rage of 18-39 weeks with 112 of the enrolled participants scanned twice. All the spectra in this study were acquired on a GE 1.5 T scanner using long echo-time of 144 ms and analyzed in LCModel. Results: We successfully acquired and analyzed fetal H-1-MRS with a success rate of 93%. We observed increases in total NAA, total creatine, total choline, scyllo inositol and total NAA-to-total choline ratio with advancing GA. Our results also showed faster increases in total NAA and total NAA-to-total choline ratio during the third trimester compared to the second trimester. We also observed faster increases in total choline and total NAA in female fetuses. Increasing the Cramer-Rao lower bounds threshold progressively from 100% to 40%-20% increased the mean metabolite concentrations and decreased the number of observations available for analysis. Conclusion: We report serial fetal brain biochemical profiles in a large cohort of health fetuses studied twice in gestation with a high success rate in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. We present normative in-vivo fetal brain metabolite trajectories over a 21-week gestational period which can be used to non-invasively measure and monitor brai

关键词： 科研创新   PBL   生物化学  

摘要： 为社会培养合格的创新性人才是高校的主要目标之一,对学生科研创新意识的培养应该融入高校的常规教学中。PBL是一类以问题为基础的教学模式,在培养学生发现问题并独立解决问题的能力方面具有独特的优势。结合生物化学的教学特点,将科研论文编写成PBL科研案例,采取PBL模式与传统教学模式相结合的方法,改革考核方式,可有效提高学生学习积极性及对科研工作的热情,促进科研创新性人才的培养。

关键词： 绿色化学   环境友好化学   化学进展   预防污染   环境无害化学   零污染   分析化学   生物化学  

摘要： 绿色化学又称“环境无害化学”“环境友好化学”“清洁化学”,绿色化学是近年来才产生和发展起来的,是一个“新化学婴儿”。它涉及有机合成、催化、生物化学、分析化学等学科,内容广泛。绿色化学的最大特点是在始端就采用预防污染的科学手段,因而过程和终端均为零排放或零污染。世界上很多国家已把“化学的绿色化”作为新世纪化学进展的主要方向之一。

关键词： Ficus carica L   biochemical assessment   morpho-agronomic   screening   germplasm  

摘要： This study aimed to screen 135 cultivars of fig (Ficus carica L.) to identify the most suitable cultivars in terms of morpho-agronomic and biochemical characters. The free radical scavenging activity was assessed through DPPH, ABTS and beta-Carotene bleaching assays. The studied genotypes exhibited significant variability (p < .01) following all traits analyzed. The Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) revealed a significant relationship between biochemical components and morpho-agronomic traits of fig. With the exception of the drop at the ostiole, lenticel color, and seed sizes, all variables showed highly significant differences. All studied genotypes averaged the fruit weigh of 34.41 +/- 14.78 g with a dominance of globose shape. Based on the principal component analysis, the most discriminant attributes were the fruit geometrical traits, color, and peel characteristics. Also, the total sugars (10.08-15.10 g/100 g(dw)), total anthocyanins (0,41 to 47.95 mg cy-3-rutinoside/100 g(dw)) and flavonoids (103,7 +/- 8.9-14.6 +/- 4.6 mg CE/100 g(dw)) contributed significantly in fig assessment. Unweighted pair group cluster analysis based on Euclidean distance revealed five distinct groups. The local genotype 'Ounq Hmam PS14MODIFIER LETTER PRIME showed a typical profile and was classified as an independent branch. The findings confirmed the effectiveness of combining morpho-agronomic and biochemical analyses in fig assessment. They also showed that the studied fig germplasm has high phenotypic diversity, which is probably more genetically related. The studied accessions can be recognized as an important gene pool for future breeding programs.

关键词： 五星教学法   学习通   生物化学  

摘要： 五星教学法是以学生为主体,主要培养学生运用所学知识和技能解决问题的能力。学习通是目前资源较全面、功能较多、应用较广的教学平台之一。本文介绍五星教学法与学习通在《生物化学》课程中的融合应用。通过实践表明,五星教学法与学习通有机融合可以促进学生学习积极性、主动性,提高学习效率,保障课堂教学效果。

关键词： 医学生物化学   教学改革   高效课堂  

摘要： 医学生物化学作为一门重要的医学基础课程,为理解和掌握病理生理学、内科学、诊断学等后续基础和临床相关课程提供了重要的理论基础。随着新知识、新技术的不断涌现,医学生物化学学科发展迅速,知识的深度和广度不断增加,加上医学生物化学课程内容复杂抽象,导致学生学习困难,教师教学亦有很多挑战。针对医学生物化学课程教学中存在的问题,为了提高课堂教学质量,本文提出了案例教学法、视频教学法、歌曲记忆法等多重教学方法在医学生物化学课堂中的应用,通过以上教学方法的使用,学生学习该课程的兴趣有所增加,课堂教学质量明显提升。

关键词： "翻转"式微课   自主学习   医学生物化学   课堂教学  

摘要： 目的探讨"翻转"式微课教学在医学生物化学课程教学中的应用效果。方法选择浙江中医药大学2016级临床医学专业115名学生作为实验组,同步教学的口腔医学专业120名学生作为对照组。教师通过"课前—课堂—课后"连环设计对实验组进行"翻转"式微课教学,对对照组进行传统教学授课。教学结束后,通过自主学习测试和问卷调查对教学效果进行评价。结果"翻转"式微课课堂教学能够提高学生学习效果,增强学生的学习热情,逐步引领他们进入医学生物化学的自主学习中去,提高团队协作能力。结论"翻转课堂"和"微课"的结合对于促进课程教育方式转型、培养医学创新人才具有重要意义。

关键词： 案例教学   课堂答题系统   思维导图   生物化学教学  

摘要： 生物化学教学中,采用课前/中案例教学报告、课中答题系统检测、课后思维导图制作多种教学方法,提高学生学习的兴趣,改善教学效果。两期的无记名投票调查结果显示:案例教学报告的6项评价满意度为96%~100%;答题系统检测的7项评价满意度高达99%~100%;思维导图制作的4项评价满意度是83%~100%,说明多种教学方法的综合应用得到大部分学生的认可。该教学模式还在其它课程中推广应用并获得学生认可。

关键词： MOOC   PBL   融合   创新  

摘要： 文章综述了MOOC(大规模在线开放课程)课程资源平台的优缺点,以及PBL(基于问题导向的学习模式)教学模式在生物化学课程教学领域的应用,并探索将《生物化学》课程中的MOOC平台资源和PBL教学方法进行融合。在MOOC平台学习基础上,选择重点章节进行PBL设计,班级学生随机分成若干小组,进行分组讨论。以讨论代替部分教师课堂讲述,促进学生自主学习和课程知识点的应用能力提升,以期为生物化学教学改革提供新思路。

关键词： Mycobacterium marinum   SerB2   Phosphoserine phosphatase   HAD phosphatases   Clofazimine   Harmine derivatives  

摘要： SerB2 is an essential phosphoserine phosphatase (PSP) that has been shown to be involved in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) immune evasion mechanisms, and a drug target for the development of new antitubercular agents. A highly similar (91.0%) orthologous enzyme exists in the surrogate organism Mycobacterium marinum (Mma) and could have acquired similar properties. By homology modeling, we show that the two PSPs are expected to exhibit almost identical architectures. MmaSerB2 folds into a homodimer formed by two intertwined subunits including two ACT regulatory domains followed by a catalytic core typical of HAD (haloacid dehalogenase) phosphatases. Their in vitro catalytic properties are closely related as MmaSerB2 also depends on Mg2 thorn for the dephosphorylation of its substrate, Ophospho-L-serine (PS), and is most active at neutral pH and temperatures around 40 degrees C. Moreover, an enzyme kinetics study revealed that the enzyme is inhibited by PS as well, but at lower concentrations than MtbSerB2. Substrate inhibition could occur through the binding of PS in the second active site and/ or at the ACT domains interface. Finally, previously described beta-carboline MtbSerB2 inhibitors also decrease the phosphatase activity of MmaSerB2. Altogether, these results provide useful information when *** is used as a model to study immune evasion in tuberculosis. (c) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.