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关键词： 翻转课堂   综合设计性实验   生物化学实验  

摘要： 将综合设计性实验方案运用到生物化学实验中,同时将翻转课堂教学模式引入生物化学实验教学中,以综合设计性实验“山药多糖的提取、纯化及酶活条件研究”为例进行翻转课堂的教学设计,分析了课前设计、课中实施和课后反思等内容。综合设计性实验和翻转课堂教学模式的结合充分发挥了学生的主体地位,促进了创新人才的培养。

关键词： 食品生物化学   课程思政   思政元素   专业课程  

摘要： 食品生物化学是食品类的专业基础课。为推进课程思政建设,本课程团队从课程思政定位、理论课程内容、实验教学内容三个方面挖掘相关德育、思政元素,实现专业知识与思政教育的有机融合,增加了教师的育德意识和能力,夯实了学生内在德性和科学素养。通过该课程思政的实践,将思政元素全面融入到课堂教学主渠道中,构建本课程全员全程全方位育人格局。

关键词： Fluorescence   phenophase   photosystem   photochemistry   pigment   water potential  

摘要： Three leaf maturity indices were defined as young, mature and senescence leaves. The effect of leaf phenophase resulted in a significant alteration in photosynthetic pigments, whereas site position had no significant effect on them. FPC values significantly increased along leaf phenophase development. TSP showed a sharp descending trend in the final phase of leaf elasticity. On the contrary, the highest TSS value was observed in senescence stage of leaf development. Such a trend was observed for starch content. The results revealed that FPC values significantly decreased along the elevation rise. RWC was significantly affected by both site position change and leaf phenophase factors, whereas psi L was just significantly affected by leaf phenophase. The obtained results exhibited that leaf phenophase significantly affected six (F-0, F-m, F-v/F-m, qP, NPQ, and phi PSII) out of seven fluorescence variables. Meanwhile, the drastic effect of site position gradient was observed in F-0, F-v/F-m, and qP. Severe decreases in leaf pigment variable values in SL are indicators of damage to chloroplasts due to leaf senescence and reduction of leaf moisture content, depicted through reducing leaf water potential. The FPC and TSS contents exhibited descending trends along site position gradients, which is consistent with the amount of rain and temperature. A remarkable reduction was observed in the values of F-v/F-m and F-m, phi PSII and qP, suggesting the sufficiency of photochemistry transformation is affected by leaf cycle development, particularly in senescence stage.

关键词： 微课   运动生物化学   本科教学   体育学  

摘要： 运动生物化学是体育院校各专业的基础课程,作为生物化学学科的一个分支,其课程教学内容广泛、知识点零散、概念抽象复杂,是公认的难学、难教课程之一。微课是指教师基于教授课程内容的重点、考点、热点及学生中普遍存在的难点、疑点,将其内容进行科学整合与设计,形成具有明确教学目标,重、难点突出,短小精悍的教学内容,最终通过视频予以呈现的一种现代化教学载体。本文主要结合运动生物化学课程特点,以"运动时骨骼肌的能量利用"知识点为例,探讨微课在运动生物化学教学中的应用价值及前景分析。

关键词： PBL   传统教学法   动物生物化学   自主学习  

摘要： 将问题导向性学习教学法与传统教学法结合应用于动物生物化学教学,提高了学生的自主学习能力、分析问题和解决问题的能力,有利于教师的成长,实现了课程的过程性评价,取得了良好的教学效果。

关键词： 生物化学与分子生物学   CBL+翻转课堂   教学改革  

摘要： 生物化学与分子生物学在医学教育中是联系基础医学和临床医学的桥梁课程。CBL+翻转课堂教学是以临床问题为基础,学生为主体,教师适时引导的学-教模式的教学方法,有助于培养医学生自主学习能力、交流创新能力及临床思维能力。文章从CBL案例库构建、教学实施、课程评价等方面,探索CBL+翻转课堂在生物化学与分子生物学教学的应用和思考。

关键词： 生态化学教学   生态文明教育   结合点  

摘要： 生态文明教育是新时代高校大学生思想教育的重要内容。大学生参与到生态文明教育中,是生态文明建设和共建小康社会的基础。在大学的各门学科教学中,教师开始探索将生态文明教育理念融入其中。本文对生物化学教学融入生态文明教育的结合点进行了探讨,并对其中存在的一些问题提出了相应的对策和建议。

关键词： Aquaculture   Biochemical composition   Macroalgae   Relative growth rate   Ulva fenestrata   Ulva lactuca   Chlorophyceae  

摘要： Ulva fenestrata is an economically and ecologically important green algal species with a large potential in seaweed aquaculture due to its high productivity, wide environmental tolerance, as well as interesting functional and nutritional properties. Here, we performed a series of manipulative cultivation experiments in order to investigate the effects of irradiance (50, 100, and 160 mu mol photons m(-2) s(-1)), temperature (13 and 18 degrees C), nitrate (< 5, 150, and 500 mu M), phosphate (< 1 and 50 mu M), and pCO(2) (200, 400, and 2500 ppm) on the relative growth rate and biochemical composition (fatty acid, protein, phenolic, ash, and biochar content) in indoor tank cultivation of Swedish U. fenestrata. High irradiance and low temperature were optimal for the growth of this northern hemisphere U. fenestrata strain, but addition of nutrients or changes in pCO(2) levels were not necessary to increase growth. Low irradiance resulted in the highest fatty acid, protein, and phenolic content, while low temperature had a negative effect on the fatty acid content but a positive effect on the protein content. Addition of nutrients (especially nitrate) increased the fatty acid, protein, and phenolic content. High nitrate levels decreased the total ash content of the seaweeds. The char content of the seaweeds did not change in response to any of the manipulated factors, and the only significant effect of changes in pCO(2) was a negative relationship with phenolic content. We conclude that the optimal cultivation conditions for Swedish U. fenestrata are dependent on the desired biomass traits (biomass yield or biochemical composition).

关键词： antioxidant   digestive   growth   histopathology   immunity   rainbow trout   rosemary extract  

摘要： This research was designed to determine the effects of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract on growth, blood biochemistry, immunity, antioxidant, digestive enzymes and liver histopathology of rainbow trout. In a 40-day diet experiment, rainbow trout was fed with the experimental diets containing 0.4, 0.7, 1 and 3 g/kg of rosemary. 0.4 and 0.7 g/kg rosemary extracts had no significant effect on all parameters studied (p > .05). The growth performance (SGR and WG) and feed utilization (FCR and FER) of the fish increased with the increase in the rate of rosemary in the feed (p < .001). Additionally, only the final weight levels were significant at the linear level (p < .05). Rosemary's 1 and 3 g/kg doses increased total protein, trypsin, amylase, lipase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), lysozyme, total immunoglobulin (IG) and white blood cell (WBC) levels when compared to control group. However, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased significantly (p < .001). Moreover, these doses of rosemary caused a significant reduction in steatosis of liver hepatocytes compared to the control group. In conclusion, the present study showed that rosemary may be useful in reducing the stress effects by increasing the growth, antioxidant, digestive enzymes and immunity levels, as well as reducing the rate of steatosis in the liver of rainbow trout.

关键词： PfOMT3   flavonoid 7-O-methyltransferase   perilla   7-methoxyflavonoid   biotransformation  

摘要： Methylation is a common structural modification that can alter and improve the biological activities of natural compounds. O-Methyltransferases (OMTs) catalyze the methylation of a wide array of secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, and are potentially useful tools for the biotechnological production of valuable natural products. An OMT gene (PfOMT3) was isolated from perilla leaves as a putative flavonoid OMT (FOMT). Phylogenetic analysis and sequence comparisons showed that PfOMT3 is a class II OMT. Recombinant PfOMT3 catalyzed the methylation of flavonoid substrates, whereas no methylated product was detected in PfOMT3 reactions with phenylpropanoid substrates. Structural analyses of the methylation products revealed that PfOMT3 regiospecifically transfers a methyl group to the 7-OH of flavonoids. These results indicate that PfOMT3 is an FOMT that catalyzes the 7-O-methylation of flavonoids. PfOMT3 methylated diverse flavonoids regardless of their backbone structure. Chrysin, naringenin and apigenin were found to be the preferred substrates of PfOMT3. Recombinant PfOMT3 showed moderate OMT activity toward eriodictyol, luteolin and kaempferol. To assess the biotechnological potential of PfOMT3, the biotransformation of flavonoids was performed using PfOMT3-transformed Escherichia coli. Naringenin and kaempferol were successfully bioconverted to the 7-methylated products sakuranetin and rhamnocitrin, respectively, by E. coli harboring PfOMT3.