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关键词： 药用植物学   天然药物化学   生药学   经方   课程整合  

摘要： 课程整合强调学科之间的关联性、统一性和内在联系。经方是指汉代以前经典医药著作中记载的方剂,具有重要临床价值和理论价值。介绍一种以学科功能和内容相关性为出发点的课程整合思路及实践,用经方串联药用植物学、天然药物化学和生药学的教学。该方法使天然药物相关课程围绕经方形成课程体系,以提高课程的教学质量,使学生知识集成化,获得根基和沃土,获得生根发芽的潜力。

关键词： 白英   解剖结构   粉末特征   显微鉴别  

摘要： 采用石蜡切片技术、水合氯醛透化法对中药白英的营养器官解剖特征及组织粉末特征进行研究.白英解剖结构、粉末特征显著,可见螺纹导管、网纹导管、含晶纤维、砂晶、环式茎表皮气孔、不定式叶表皮气孔、腺毛、非腺毛.白英营养器官解剖结构、粉末特征可为白英生药鉴定提供解剖学依据.

关键词： 杠香   性状鉴别   显微鉴别   化学成分   薄层色谱法  

摘要： 目的研究杠香生药学特征,为杠香质量标准的制定提供依据。方法采用性状鉴定、显微鉴定及理化鉴定方法进行研究。结果杠香呈长圆柱状、扁块状或不规则块状,其色泽丰富,花纹多样;木质多坚硬致密,入水沉,具花香、蜜香、降香及椰香等多种香气;味淡微涩、回甘。杠香根部横切面木射线宽多1~2列细胞,导管多单个、偶见数个成群,轴向薄壁组织带状,与纤维束相间排列。切向纵切面木射线略叠生,宽多1~2列细胞,高多5~24个细胞;导管为具缘纹孔短节导管;木薄壁细胞长方形或一端尖锐,壁连珠状增厚。径向纵切面木射线横向带状,为异形细胞射线,与木纤维垂直相交。茎部三切面显微与根部相似。粉末及解离组织中主含木纤维细胞、具缘纹孔导管、木射线细胞、木薄壁细胞。化学成分预试验结果表明,杠香除含有挥发油外,尚可能含有糖类、有机酸类、酚类、鞣质类、黄酮类、甾体类、三萜类、强心苷类、生物碱类等成分。所建立的薄层色谱方法分离度较好,可用于杠香的专属性鉴定。结论对杠香性状、显微特征进行了鉴别,建立了杠香的薄层色谱鉴别方法,并对其化学成分进行初步研究,可为杠香的专属性鉴定及质量标准研究提供参考。

关键词： 西番莲属资源   植物特征   应用价值   生药学研究  

摘要： 西番莲属我国约有19种,资源丰富,大多数供观赏用,有的还可以作为水果食用。有些种的根、叶、果实均可入药,具有祛风清热、消炎止痛等的功效。由于药用价值比较大,因此从西番莲属植物的资源概况、常见的西番莲属植物特征、应用价值及生药学研究四个方面对近年来对西番莲属植物的研究概况进行了综述。常见的西番莲属植物资源丰富,又具有很高的药用价值,但对生药学研究比较少,很多常见的西番莲属植物具有很大的开发价值。

关键词： 香花崖豆藤   生药学   薄层色谱   含量测定  

摘要： 研究香花岩豆藤的生药学特征。方法:结合文献和实验,对香花岩豆藤的性状鉴别、显微特征进行观察;测定其水分、灰分和浸出物的含量;采用薄层色谱法以刺芒柄花素为对照品,对香花岩豆藤进行定性鉴别;采用HPLC色谱法对香花岩豆藤中刺芒柄花素的含量进行了测定。结果:香花岩豆藤的性状特征、显微特征得到了描述。香花岩豆藤药材中水分、总灰分分别不得过14.0%、6.0%,水溶性浸出物不得少于5.0%。TLC中刺芒柄花素斑点清晰、分离度好。刺芒柄花素的精密度、稳定性、重复性试验的RSD均<2%。结论:比较全面地提供了岩豆藤的生药学资料,为岩豆藤的进一步研究奠定了基础。

关键词： Anti-cancer drugs   apoptosis   Calotropis gigantea   pharmacognosy   regeneration   synaptogenesis  

摘要： Background: Calotropis gigantea (CG) is a shrubby plant which is traditionally used for the treatment of diseases affecting the nervous system, digestive system, and skin. Several bioactive compounds from CG are isolated and investigated for their pharmacological properties. Methods: A systematic analysis of PubMed, Google Scholar, and PubChem database was performed, and the pharmacognosy and pharmacological properties of CG compounds were correlated. Results: Major phytochemicals such as those of the cardenolide, uscharin, and calotropin family were dominant in the CG plant. Phytochemicals found in the leaves, root, and latex of CG plant showed selective cytotoxicity, proapoptotic effects, and cell cycle arrest potential by modulating hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha, inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta (IKK-beta), Notch, and Wnt signaling. Conclusion: The selective cytotoxicity against neuronal tumors, together with their neurogenesis/synaptogenesis potential and drug candidate like features merit the development of CG compounds as therapeutics for neuronal tumors.

关键词： 分子生药学   教学方法   教学效果  

摘要： 分子生药学是融合了生药学和分子生物学的交叉学科。在教授过程中对学生的专业基础知识要求较高,教学效率提升较难。针对分子生药学科人才培养的目的性和实用性,本文从理论和实验两个方面,简述了提高教学效率和学生对分子生药学课程兴趣的方法,以期通过教学方法的改进,达到培养学生富有前瞻性和实用性的教学效果。

关键词： 竹叶兰   生药学   化学成分   药理作用   临床应用  

摘要： 竹叶兰作为傣医常用傣药之一,具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗菌等广泛药理作用,临床主要用于解毒、治疗肝肾疾病及呼吸道疾病等。文章综述了竹叶兰的生药学研究、化学成分、药理作用以及临床应用等方面的研究进展,以期为竹叶兰的深入研究提供参考。

关键词： Gmelina arborea   Lamiaceae   Phytochemistry   Pharmacological activities   Traditional uses  

摘要： Ethnopharmacological significance: Gmelina arborea *** Smith, a fast-growing deciduous tree belongs to the family Lamiaceae, and is an important plantation species in many tropical areas around the world. The species is naturally distributed in semi-deciduous forests in tropical/subtropical regions of South East Asia. The tree is also an important medicinal plant in the Indian Systems of Medicine. The whole plant is used in medicine. It is astringent, bitter, digestive, cardiotonic, diuretic, laxative and pulmonary and nervine tonic. It improves digestion, memory, helps overcome giddiness and is useful in burning sensation, fever, thirst, emaciation, heart diseases, nervous disorders and piles. The roots are acrid, bitter-sweet in taste, stomachic, tonic, laxative, galactagogue and antihelmintic. The flowers are sweet, refrigerant, bitter, astringent and acrid, and are used in treating leprosy and skin diseases. The fruits are acrid, sour, sweet, refrigerant, bitter, astringent, aphrodisiac, trichogenous, alterant and tonic. Fruits are edible and also used for promoting hair growth and in treating anaemia, leprosy, ulcers, constipation, leucorrhoea and colitis. The leaves are a good fodder also. The major bioactive compounds extracted from different parts of G. arborea are arboreal, verbascoside, tyrosol, iridoids, phenylpropanoid glycoside, premnazole, martynoside, iridoid glycosides, balanophonin, gmelinol, isoarboreol apigenin, umbelliferone etc. Aim of the review: This review provides an insight into the medicinal aspects of G. arborea. It provides the latest information on phytochemistry, pharmacological activities and traditional uses of ***. Materials and methods: Information on G. arborea was gathered from various sources like textbooks, literature, databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley, Springer, Taylor and Francis, Scopus, Inflibnet, Sci-Finder and Google Scholar. Results: Sixty-nine phytochemicals which include lignans, acylated iridoi

关键词： 瑶药鹞鹰风   资源分布   生药学鉴别   化学成分   药理作用  

摘要： 通过查阅瑶药鹞鹰风的相关文献,对鹞鹰风在资源分布、生药学鉴别、化学成分、药理作用、园林绿化及组培等方面进行检索并整理归纳。鹞鹰主要生于在海拔数10~2800m的向阳肥厚的土壤中,生药学鉴别主要采用常规方法,化学成分主要含有绿原酸、皂苷类、糖类等,主要有利尿、解热、抗炎、抗氧化、催乳等药理作用。归纳总结鹞鹰风的研究概况可为鹞鹰风资源开发利用提供参考与借鉴。