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关键词： 人参   药理学   西洋参  

ISBN: (纸本)9787122441836

摘要： 本书共分为3篇内容，第1篇介绍了国内外学者在人参、西洋参非传统药用部位以及药源性肝肾损伤等常见药理学领域的最新研究成果；第2篇为人参、西洋参非传统药用部位综合开发与利用，阐述了人参、西洋参非传统药用部位有效成分的工业化提取流程；第3篇为人参、西洋参非传统药用部位药理活性研究，从多靶点、多角度阐述了人参、西洋参非传统药用部位的药理学研究成果。

关键词： Environment & Agriculture   Bioscience   Physical Sciences  

ISBN: (数字)9781003399674 ISBN: (纸本)9781003399674

摘要： This book covers the morphological characteristics, ethnopharmacological properties, isolated and identified structurally diverse secondary metabolites, biological and pharmacological activities of medicinal plants. Ethnopharmacology is the systematic study of folklore/traditional medicines, which continue to provide innovative drugs and lead molecules for the pharmaceutical industry. In fact, plant secondary metabolites, used as a single molecule or as a mixture, are medicines that can be effective and safe even when synthetic drugs fail. Therefore, the description of these secondary metabolites as well as methods for the targeted expression and/or purification is of high interest. In addition to surveying the morphological features, ethnopharmacological properties, biological and pharmacological activities, and studies of clinical trials, this book offers a comprehensive treatment of 56 plant species. It also presents the cell culture conditions and various methods used for increasing the production of medicinally important secondary metabolites in plant cell cultures. This volume: ·　　　　　　 Provides the morphological features, habitat, and distribution of each species of 56 genera selected from the different regions of the world. 　 ·　　　　　　 Presents ethnopharmacological applications of various species of the 56 genera included in this book. Different species of 56 genera are used for ethnomedicinal uses by the people of various countries of the world. ·　　　　　　 Describes structures of various secondary metabolites identified in 56 plant species together with their biological and pharmacological activities. ·　　　　　　 Discusses strategies of secondary metabolites production, such as organ culture, pH, elicitation, hairy root cultures, light, and mutagenesis. ·　　　　　　 Provides a complete overview of each species of 56 genera and  complete information up to 2022. Ethnopharmacological Properties, Biological Activity and Phytochemical Attributes o

关键词： Environment & Agriculture   Bioscience   Physical Sciences  

ISBN: (数字)9781003397991 ISBN: (纸本)9781003397991

摘要： This book covers the morphological characteristics, ethnopharmacological properties, isolated and identified structurally diverse secondary metabolites, biological and pharmacological activities of medicinal plants. Ethnopharmacology is the systematic study of folklore/traditional medicines, which continue to provide innovative drugs and lead molecules for the pharmaceutical industry. In fact, plant secondary metabolites, used as a single molecule or as a mixture, are medicines that can be effective and safe even when synthetic drugs fail. Therefore, the description of these secondary metabolites as well as methods for the targeted expression and/or purification is of high interest. In addition to surveying the morphological features, ethnopharmacological properties, biological and pharmacological activities, and studies of clinical trials, this book offers a comprehensive treatment of 56 plant species. It also presents the cell culture conditions and various methods used for increasing the production of medicinally important secondary metabolites in plant cell cultures. This volume: Provides the morphological features, habitat, and distribution of each species of 56 genera selected from the different regions of the world. 　 Presents ethnopharmacological applications of various species of the 56 genera in this book. Different species of 56 genera are used for ethnomedicinal uses by the people of various countries of the world. Describes structures of various secondary metabolites identified in 56 plant species together with their biological and pharmacological activities. Discusses strategies of secondary metabolites production, such as organ culture, pH, elicitation, hairy root cultures, light, and mutagenesis. Provides a complete overview of each species of 56 genera and the complete information up to 2022. Ethnopharmacological Properties, Biological Activity and Phytochemical Attributes of Medicinal Plants is an important book for undergraduate and postgraduate

关键词： Natural oral care   dental therapy   herbal products   oral hygiene   periodontal care   malignant oral disorders   plants used in dental disease   anticariogenic   turmeric   aloe vera   gingivitis model  

ISBN: (数字)9781394167197 ISBN: (纸本)9781394166268

摘要： Pharmacological Studies in Natural Oral Care Edited by a natural product scientist, clinician, pharmacologist and a dental surgeon, the book helps oral care specialists to implement safe and effective natural medicine therapies to complement current practice guidelines. With oral care specialists focusing their attention on the interdisciplinary connections between oral health, heart health, gastrointestinal health, etc., and with increasing antibiotic resistance and stronger antibiotics now reserved for serious active infection, the importance of herbal antibiotics is increasing exponentially. This book helps to implement safe and effective natural medicine therapies to complement the current practice guidelines. Pharmacological Studies in Natural Oral Care is a comprehensive compilation and explores all the measures to utilize the natural oral care obtained from plants, animals, and mineral drugs for dental care. Herbal extracts are used in dentistry for reducing inflammation, as antimicrobial plaque agents, for preventing the release of histamine, and as antiseptics, antioxidants, antimicrobials, antifungals, antibacterials, antivirals and analgesics. They also aid in healing and are effective in controlling microbial plaque in gingivitis and periodontitis, thereby improving immunity. Audience This important new book will be invaluable to medicinal chemists, pharmacologists, natural product formulation scientists, dental surgeons, orthodontists, periodontists, endodontists, prosthodontists, maxillofacial surgeons, dentists, oral hygienists, as well as a reference for the pharmaceutical/ herbal industries and dental libraries.

关键词： 网络药理学   石菖蒲   神经退行性疾病   阿尔兹海默病   帕金森病   肌萎缩性侧索硬化  

摘要： 目的基于网络药理学分析石菖蒲主要成分治疗神经退行性疾病(neurodegenerative diseases,ND)的作用靶点和机制。方法利用TCMSP(traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform)数据库检索和既往文献证明得到石菖蒲的主要有效成分。在GeneCards,OMIM(Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man),TTD(Therapeutic Target Database)数据库检索ND的相关靶点,并用Uniprot数据库进行标准化。构建ND和石菖蒲有效成分的共有靶点韦恩图和PPI网络图,进行GO(Gene ontology)注释和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)通路富集分析,展示石菖蒲有效成分在治疗ND过程中疾病-靶点的关系。结果石菖蒲和ND的共有靶点总计为41个,关键靶点主要有FOS、ACHE、SLC6A4、ADRA1B、ADRA2A、MAOB、PTGS2、ADRA1A等。这些靶点涉及G蛋白偶联的胺受体活性、肾上腺素受体活性、儿茶酚胺结合、类固醇激素受体活性、神经递质受体活性、突触后神经递质受体活性等与突触间神经递质及其受体密切相关的生物过程、钙信号通路、cGMP-PKG信号通路和唾液分泌通路等信号通路。结论石菖蒲的主要有效成分可能通过对FOS、ACHE、SLC6A4、ADRA1B、MAOB等蛋白及相关通路的影响进而对神经神经递质受体或突触的损伤修复发挥治疗ND的作用,这为石菖蒲有效成分治疗ND的作用机制提供了新方向。

关键词： 痔   痔疮   槐角丸   作用机制   网络药理学  

摘要： 目的通过网络药理学方法探讨槐角丸治疗痔疮的作用机制。方法通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)数据库获取并筛选槐角丸活性成分及靶点;用GeneCards、DrugBank数据库收集痔疮相关基因。取药物靶点与疾病靶点的交集后用String数据库构建PPI网络,然后用Cytoscape 3.9.1软件构建网络图并分析,用仙桃学术在线网站进行富集分析。结果获得药物与疾病交集基因54个。基因本体论(GO)富集分析得到2308个条目,京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析得到123条信号通路。结论槐角丸可能是通过作用于白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP2)、血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA)等靶点,抑制磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)-蛋白激酶B(Akt)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)、白细胞介素-17(IL-17)等信号通路从而起到清热凉血、消肿止痛的功效。

关键词： 丹参-白术   网络药理学   异病同治   癌性厌食   深静脉血栓  

摘要： 目的:采取网络药理学方法研究讨论丹参-白术药对“异病同治”癌性厌食(Cancer Related Anorexia,CA)和深静脉血栓(Deep Venous Thrombosis,DVT)的机制。方法:先基于分析平台筛选丹参、白术的有效化学成分,然后对丹参-白术药对有效成分的靶点进行预测,最后构建网络。从DisGeNET、GeneCards数据库筛选CA和DVT涉及的靶点,整合疾病与药物靶点,获得共有靶点。使用STRING 11.5和Cytoscape 3.8.2筛选出关键共有靶点。再应用Metascape对筛选出的关键共有靶点作富集分析。结合分子对接预测结合潜能。结果:共检索到丹参-白术化合物257个,最终筛选出72个有效成分,对应131个药物靶点;共检索到CA疾病靶点1630个与DVT疾病靶点1166个,整合疾病靶点与药物靶点,得到共有靶点59个;进一步使用STRING 11.5和Cytoscape 3.8.2分析蛋白质间的相互作用,得到关键共有靶点28个;通过Metascape进行基因本体论(GO)富集分析,获得799个生物过程、18个细胞组分和47个分子功能;通过京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析共获得145条信号通路,相关信号通路有癌症、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase,PI3K)-丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶(Akt Serine/Threonine Kinase,AKT)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase,MAPK)、白细胞介素(Interleukin,IL)-17、肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor Necrosis Factor,TNF)、T细胞受体、酪氨酸蛋白激酶(Janus-Activated Kinase,JAK)-信号转导与转录激活因子(Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription,STAT)信号通路、松弛素、C型凝集素受体以及相关程序性死亡配体1(Programmed Cell Death Protein Ligand 1,PD-L1)和程序性死亡受体1(Programmed Cell Death Protein 1,PD-1)等,主要与炎症反应和免疫调节相关。分子对接得出有效成分与关键共同靶点均具有较好的结合潜能的结论。结论:丹参-白术药对“异病同治”CA和DVT的主要机制涉及炎症反应和免疫调节等相关信号通路,为进行深度的药理学机制和实验验证提供参考。

关键词： 鸡血藤   黄酮   液相色谱-离子阱-静电轨道阱杂交质谱   雌性激素   破骨细胞  

摘要： 目的:对鸡血藤总黄酮提取物中的黄酮类成分进行辨识和鉴定,并对其治疗骨质疏松的靶点进行预测,观察其对核因子κB受体活化因子配体(sRANKL)诱导RAW264.7向破骨细胞分化的影响,并对破骨细胞分化产生影响的作用成分及作用机制进行探讨。方法:采用液相色谱-离子阱-静电轨道阱杂交质谱(HPLC-LTQ/Orbitrap MS)法采集数据后,对各色谱峰的质谱图高分辨一级和二级质谱数据进行解析,与文献数据库进行对比,对各色谱峰进行结构推测和确认。运用Swiss Target Prediction、GeneCards、String平台预测鸡血藤总黄酮18个成分与骨质疏松相关的潜在靶点,在DAVID 6.8平台进行基因功能富集和KEGG通路富集分析,Cytoscape软件构建“成分-靶点”网络。体外培养RAW264.7细胞,sRANKL诱导破骨细胞分化,鸡血藤总黄酮干预后,通过抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)活性检测盒TRAP染色法评价破骨细胞形成和分化能力,Western blot法检测雌激素受体(Estrogen receptor, ESR)相关蛋白的表达。结果:从鸡血藤总黄酮提取物中共鉴定了18个黄酮类化合物(芒柄花素、染料木素及美迪紫檀素等),网络药理学预测共得到鸡血藤黄酮化合物治疗骨质疏松的潜在共同作用靶点33个,筛选出16条与骨质疏松相关的信号通路。GO分析和KEGG分析显示关键靶点涉及催乳素(Prolactin)、内分泌(Endocrine)、雌激素(Estrogen)、缝隙连接(Gap junction)、酪氨酸激酶受体(ErbB)、等信号通路,生物过程主要涉及以DNA为模板的转录调控、蛋白质自磷酸化、血管收缩的正向调节、等;分子功能涉及蛋白酪氨酸激酶活性、跨膜受体蛋白酪氨酸激酶活性及类固醇结合等;细胞组分涉及细胞膜上的膜筏、原生质膜、神经元末端、等。实验验证结果显示:与正常对照组相比,sRANKL 50 ng/mL组耐酒石酸盐酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)活性明显升高,ESR1、ESR2蛋白表达明显下调(P<0.05或P<0.01),与sRANKL 50 ng/mL组比较,鸡血藤总黄酮50μg/mL组TRAP活性明显降低(P<0.05);TRAP阳性细胞随着鸡血藤总黄酮组浓度的增大逐渐减少;鸡血藤总黄酮25、 50μg/mL组ESR1、ESR2蛋白表达明显上调(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:鸡血藤总黄酮中多种黄酮成分具有调节雌激素的作用,其通过与雌激素受体结合,抑制sRANKL诱导RAW264.7向破骨细胞分化,从而起到预防骨质疏松的作用。

关键词： 人参   肺腺癌   铁死亡   生物信息学   作用机制  

摘要： 基于生物信息学、网络药理学和分子对接预测人参调节肺腺癌的关键铁死亡基因、相关通路以及可能的作用机制。通过TCMSP、ETCM和Batman-TCM数据库筛选人参活性成分及作用靶点,应用FerrDb数据库筛选铁死亡相关基因,运用TCGA数据库筛选肺腺癌差异基因,获得交集靶点,基于David数据库对交集基因进行GO功能分析和KEGG通路富集分析,利用R语言构建与评估预后模型并筛选铁死亡关键基因,最后使用AutoDock Vina软件进行分子对接。通过Venn分析发现29个人参治疗肺腺癌的铁死亡基因,KEGG信号通路分析可知,Toll样受体信号通路和HIF-1信号通路等可能是人参调控铁死亡基因治疗肺腺癌的主要途径。基于Lasso回归分析构建了一个预后模型,分别由5个铁死亡相关基因(SLC2A1、RRM2、CAV1、TXNRD1和TLR4)组成,经评估证明这5个关键铁死亡基因对肺腺癌的预后影响显著且模型具有可靠性,并认为是人参调控铁死亡治疗肺腺癌的关键基因。分子对接结果显示,发现人参的重要活性成分与5个铁死亡关键基因均能自发结合。人参可通过SLC2A1、RRM2、CAV1、TXNRD1和TLR4等关键铁死亡基因介导Toll样受体信号通路、HIF-1信号通路等发挥治疗肺腺癌的作用。