关键词:
SPATIAL systems
REGRESSION analysis
CRIMINAL liability
ACADEMIC dissertations -- United States
摘要:
Bias or disproportional emphasis in an agency's pattern of policy outcomes always raises questions of accountability and has been the subject of countless studies. For urban agencies, past research has been driven by causal theses having either a socioeconomic or a political perspective. However, a powerful thesis receiving little attention in policy making is the concept of urban spatial form. The author develops hypotheses about spatial form's impact on skewing agency outcomes and tests them alongside conventional rival theses using regression analysis on 42 U.S. transit agencies. Results indicate that urban form is at least as important in explaining policy bias as socioeconomic and political considerations.