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关键词： 生物化学   分子生物学  

ISBN: (纸本)7030071859

摘要： 本书是作者16年研究生入学考试辅导经验，为考研服务的原则，对生物化学和分子生物学的基本原理作了总结和归纳。

关键词： ACP, Acyl carrier protein   DAG, Diacylglycerol   DGDG, Digalactosyldiacylglycerol   MGDG, Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol   PC, Phosphatidylcholine   PCR, Polymerase chain reaction   PG, Phosphatidylglycerol   PI, Phosphatidylinositol   PS, Phosphatidylserine   SDS/PAGE, Sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacryl-amide gel electrophoresis   YAC, Yeast artificial chromosome  

关键词： Non-programmatic  

摘要： The catalytic subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) is a member of a sub-family of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinases termed PIK-related kinases, A distinguishing feature of this sub-family is the presence of a conserved C-terminal region downstream of a PI 3-kinase domain. Mutants defective in DNA-PKcs are sensitive to ionising radiation and are unable to carry out V(D)J recombination. Irs-20 is a DNA-PKcs-defective cell line with milder gamma-ray sensitivity than two previously characterised mutants, V-3 and mouse scid cells. Here we show that the DNA-PKcs protein from irs-20 cells can bind to DNA but is unable to function as a protein kinase. To verify the defect in irs-20 cells and provide insight into the function and expression of DNA-PKcs in double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination we introduced YACs encoding human and mouse DNA-PKcs into defective mutants and achieved complementation of the defective phenotypes. Furthermore, in irs-20 we identified a mutation in DNA-PKcs that causes substitution of a lysine for a glutamic acid in the fourth residue from the C-terminus. This represents a strong candidate for the inactivating mutation and provides supportive evidence that the extreme C-terminal motif is important for protein kinase activity.

关键词： 蛋白质分析   核酸分析   尿石症  

摘要： 生物化学和分子生物学技术在尿石症研究中的应用日益广泛，为尿石症的发病机理及诊治研究提供了全新的手段。本文介绍几种较常使用的生物化学和分子生物学技术并讨论其在尿石研究中的意义。

关键词： 全国性学会   学会活动   中国地球物理学会   经费问题   生物化学与分子生物学   中国科协   中国生物   生物物理学会   政治思想工作   国际组织  

ISBN: (纸本)7117026502

关键词： flavonol sulfotransferase   glucosinolate   choline sulfate   flavonoid   gallic acid  

摘要： It is now well established that, in mammals, sulfate conjugation constitutes an important reaction in the transformation of xenobiotics and in the modulation of the biological activity of steroid hormones and neurotransmitter (1, 2). The presence of a sulfate group on some molecules can also be a prerequisite for their biological function. For example, it is well known that the sulfate groups are directly involved in the molecular interaction between heparin and antithrombin III (3). In plants, sulfation also seems to play an important role in the intermolecular recognition and signaling processes, as indicated by the requirement of a sulfate moiety for the biological activity of gallic acid glucoside sulfate in the seismonastic and gravitropic movements of plants (4), and of Nod RM1 in the cortical cell division during early nodule initiation in Rhizobium meliloti-alfalfa interaction (5). In addition, recent studies indicate that flavonoid conjugates, including the sulfate esters, may play a role in the regulation of plant growth by strongly binding the naphthylphthalamic acid receptor, thus blocking the quercetin-stimulated accumulation of the auxin phytohormone (6). Although several sulfated metabolites are known to accumulate in a variety of plant species (7), the study of enzymes that catalyze the sulfation reaction in plants lagged considerably compared to those conducted with their mammalian homologs. This apparent lack of interest may have been because the function of plant-sulfated metabolites is difficult to predict, since their accumulation is often restricted to a limited number of species. Despite this limitation, several plant sulfotransferases (STs) have been characterized at the biochemical level, and the cDNA clones encoding six plant STs have been isolated. Based on sequence homology, the plant ST coding sequences are grouped under the SULT3 family, also known as the flavonol ST family. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the plant STs

关键词： 留学生   生物化学与分子生物学   清华大学   班主任   医学研究所   结构与功能   过程系统   生物系   教研室   结核杆菌  

摘要： 昌增益博士其人其事●赵菁１９９５年１２月２７日的《人民日报·海外版》上，有一篇题为《十载留美练真功，今朝回国展宏图》的文章，记叙了留美博士昌增益携妻归国的消息。文章说，这位年仅３０岁的博士在他事业的鼎盛时期回到祖国，成为清华大学生物系的一名副教授。在...

关键词： 植物体   硒   生理学   生物化学   分子生物学  

摘要： 本文结合植物体中硒的代谢途径概述硒的生理学及生物化学作用,并以现代生物技术为依据在分子水平上阐述硒结合蛋白质生物合成的分子机理。1 植物体中硒的生物学及其生物化学硒酸盐和硫酸盐的竞争性吸收是研究

关键词： angiotensinogen   renin-angiotensin system   gene regulation   hypertension  

摘要： Angiotensinogen is the only known substrate for the enzyme renin. Angiotensin II, the end product of the reaction, is an extremely potent vasoconstrictor and a major determinant of salt and water homeostasis. It is also a growth factor. Angiotensinogen has been identified as a non-inhibitory member of the serine proteinase inhibitor family. Although the most abundant source of plasma angiotensinogen is the liver, the use of Northern blotting and reverse transcriptase PCR techniques has confirmed angiotensinogen mRNA expression in a wide range of tissues, including the kidney, brain, vascular tissue, adrenal gland, placenta and leucocytes. The sequencing of the rat and human angiotensinogen genes has increased our understanding of this protein and its role in physiology and the pathogenesis of hunan disease. Early observations on the regulation of angiotensinogen are now explicable at the molecular level with the identification of the core promoter, hormone and acute phase responsive elements and tissue-specific enhancers. The role of angiotensinogen in the aetiology of hypertensive disorders has been tested in transgenic animals, and in case-controlled genetic association and linkage studies. This review examines our current understanding of angiotensinogen, in the light of recent advances. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd