关键词:
腱鞘纤维瘤
磁共振成像
病理学
摘要:
目的:探讨腱鞘纤维瘤(FTS)的影像表现及临床病理特征,提高本病影像诊断及鉴别水平。方法:回顾性分析本院经病理证实的19例FTS患者的临床、影像及病理资料,总结其特征。结果:19例患者均为单发。位于足部7例(36.8%),位于手部6例(31.6%),位于肘关节3例(15.8%),位于膝关节、踝关节及颈部各1例(5.3%)。14例(87.5%)病灶呈结节状或肿块状。病灶长径9~57 mm,平均29.5 mm。CT表现:5例病灶均呈边界清楚的软组织密度影,增强扫描明显强化。MRI表现:病灶T1WI多呈等或低信号,T2WI可为略低、等或略高信号,11例(84.6%)病灶在T2WI序列内部可见低信号区,其中索条状或细丝状9例(81.8%),增强扫描呈环形强化。病理表现,镜下观察FTS由稀疏散在的纤维母细胞、狭长的裂隙样血管及大量致密的胶原纤维组成。免疫组化,SMA、MSA、CD10可呈阳性,结蛋白、S‐100蛋白及EMA多呈阴性,Ki67阳性率常小于5%。结论:FTS具有一定的影像学特征,常发生于四肢末端关节周围,X线平片及CT表现为边界清楚的结节状或肿块状软组织密度影,邻近骨质破坏少见,MRI平扫T1WI常呈等低信号,T2WI可为略低、等或略高信号,病灶内常见条带状或细丝状低信号,增强扫描多见环形强化,但确诊仍需依靠病理检查。Objective: To investigate the imaging and clinicopathological features of fibroma of tendon sheath (FTS) in order to improve the imaging diagnosis and differentiation of this disease. Methods: The clinical data, pathological types, and imaging findings of 19 cases with FTS confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively. Results: All the 19 cases of FTS were single lesion, among which 7 (36.8%) cases were located foot, 6 (31.6%) in the hand, 3 (15.8%) in the elbow joint, 1 (5.3%) in the knee joint, 1 (5.3%) in the ankle joint and 1 (5.3%) in the neck. The shape of lesion was round or ovoid in 14 (87.5%) cases. The maximum diameter of the lesions was 9 mm~57 mm, with an average of 29.5 mm. CT manifestations: all five cases showed homogeneous iso-density or slightly lower density than the surrounding soft tissue, clear boundary, and the enhanced imaging showed markedly enhanced solid mass. MRI manifestations: most of the cases showed iso-intensity or slightly hypo-intensity on T1WI. The presentation was varied on T2WI. In 11 (84.6%) cases, low signal area was found in T2WI sequence, including 9 cases (81.8%) with striped and filamentous configurations. Enhanced T1WI, lesion revealed ring enhancement. FTS consists of scattered spindle-shaped fibroblasts, slit-like spaces or thin-walled vessels and a large number of dense collagenous sclerotic stroma. Immunohistochemistry for SMA, MSA and CD10 was mostly po